r0ller I don't see any EDID in it though.
You won't because you aren't running the DRMKMS driver. You just have genfb the unaccelerated kernel framebuffer and the wsfb driver on the Xorg side:
dmesg output:
[ 1.053637] genfb0 at pci9 dev 0 function 0: ATI Technologies Radeon R9 FURY / NANO Series (rev. 0xca)
[ 1.053637] genfb0: recycling existing fb mapping at ffff8f04ad79c000
[ 1.053637] genfb0: framebuffer at 0xe0000000, size 1024x768, depth 32, stride 4096
[ 1.053637] genfb0: shadow framebuffer enabled, size 3072 KB
[ 1.053637] wsdisplay0 at genfb0 kbdmux 1: console (default, vt100 emulation), using wskbd0
[ 1.053637] wsmux1: connecting to wsdisplay0
[ 1.053637] drm at genfb0 not configured
Xorg.0.log:
[ 26.662] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 26.662] (II) fboffset 0
[ 26.662] (II) wsfb(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
"Builtin Default wsfb Screen 0" for depth/fbbpp 24/32
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): Depth 24, (==) framebuffer bpp 32
[ 26.662] (II) fbi_flags: 0
[ 26.662] (II) masks generated: 00ff0000 0000ff00 000000ff
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): RGB weight 888
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): Default visual is TrueColor
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): Using gamma correction (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
[ 26.662] (II) wsfb(0): Vidmem: 3072k
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): DPI set to (96, 96)
[ 26.662] (==) wsfb(0): Using HW cursor
[ 26.662] (**) wsfb(0): Using "Shadow Framebuffer"
wsfb doesn't support any mode-setting. (What's surprising is that 2 modes are being shown in your xrandr output, when I've only ever seen the one mode the system booted with---and this is set by the BIOS.)
r0ller It turns out that adding gop 0 [...]
Yes, that's the only way to set resolutions if you don't have working HW drivers.
You have a card which should be driven by the amdgpu DRMKMS driver. Since this driver isn't compiled into the GENERIC amd64 kernel (but, the modules do get installed), either
a) compile them into the kernel (preferred); or,
b) load the correct modules at boot-time in /boot.cfg